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| 2000 |
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Allan R. Sandage, Staff
Astronomer Emeritus, Observatories of Carnegie Institution of Washington
D.C., for achievements in observational cosmology, and Phillip J.E. Peebles, Einstein Professor of Science, Princeton University,
for work in theoretical cosmology |
| 2001 |
|
Martin Rees,
Astronomer Royal and Royal Society Research Professor, Cambridge University,
for extraordinary intuition in unraveling the complexities of the universe |
| 2002 |
|
Vera C. Rubin,
Astronomer, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of Carnegie Institution of
Washington, for preeminent work in the motions of galaxies |
| 2003 |
|
Rashid Sunyaev, Director,
Max-Planck Institute fuer Astrophysik, Garching,
Germany for
pioneering work on the nature of cosmic microwave background and its
interaction with intervening matter |
| 2004 |
|
Alan H. Guth, Weisskopf
Professor of Physics at MIT, and Andrei Linde, Professor
of Physics at Stanford University, for their prominent roles in developing
and refining the theory of cosmic inflation |
| 2005 |
|
James E. Gunn, Eugene
Higgins Professor of Astronomy at Princeton
University, for
groundbreaking work in all three main areas of astronomy research - theory,
observation, and instrumentation |
| 2006 |
|
John Mather and the NASA
Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) Team, for studies confirming the universe
was born in a hot Big Bang |
| 2007 |
|
Saul Perlmutter and Brian Schmidt and their teams: the Supernova Cosmology Project and the High-z Supernova Search Team, for independently discovering that the expansion of the universe is accelerating |
| 2008 |
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J. Richard Bond, Director of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Cosmology and Gravity Program, for his pioneering contributions to our understanding of the development of structures in the universe |
| 2009 |
|
Wendy Freedman, Robert Kennicutt, and Jeremy Mould, leaders of the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, for the definitive measurement of the rate of expansion of the universe, Hubble's Constant |
| 2010 |
|
Charles Steidel, for his groundbreaking studies of the distant Universe.
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| 2001 |
| Rudolf Jaenish, Professor
of Biology, Whitehead Institute, MIT, for experimental work on genome
function and regulation and the insights into the risks of human cloning |
| 2002 |
| H. Robert
Horvitz, Professor of Biology, MIT, Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, for work in the discovery of how specific genes cause the programmed
death of cells |
| 2003 |
| David Botstein, Director,
Lewis-Sigler Institute, Princeton
University, for
fundamental contributions to modern genetics, including development of
methods of mutagenesis of bacteria and yeast and basic principles of the
application of genetic polymorphisms for mapping the human genome |
| 2004 |
| Mary-Claire King,
Professor, University of Washington, for locating a gene predisposing to
breast cancer and analyzing genetic contributions to common human diseases
and for pioneering work in the use of DNA for identifying human remains |
| 2005 |
| Robert Waterston,
Professor, University of Washington School of Medicine, for pioneering work
in mapping and sequencing of the genomes of the nematode Caenorhabditis
elegans and for his pivotal role in the Human Genome Project |
| 2006 |
|
Elizabeth
Blackburn, Morris Herzstein Professor of Biology and Physiology, University of
California, San Francisco, for the discovery of the unique structure and
mechanism of replication of telemeres and the function of telomerase |
| 2007 |
|
Maynard V. Olson, Professor of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington, for his contributions to genome science |
| 2008 |
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Allan C. Spradling, Director of the Carnegie Institution's Department of Embryology and a leader in developmental genetics and stem cell biology
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| 2009 |
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Janet Rowley, Blum-Riese Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago, founder of the field of cancer cytogenetics and a renowned leader in molecular oncology
|
| 2010 |
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Gerald Fink, a founder of modern yeast genetics and a leader in the use of model-organism genetics to study diverse biological problems.
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| 2004 |
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Seymour Benzer, Professor
Emeritus, California Institute of Technology, for seminal contributions to
understanding gene structure and the genetic code and genetic studies of
behavioral neuroscience, using the fruit fly as a model for studying learning
and memory, neural degeneration and aging |
| 2005 |
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Eric Knudsen, Chairman,
Department of Neuro-Biology, University of California, San Francisco, and Masakazu Konishi, Bing Professor of Behavioral Biology at the
California Institute of Technology, whose research established the existence
of an auditory map in the brain of the barn owl and led to further
comprehension of the sensory processes of the brain |
| 2006 |
|
Masao Ito,
Professor, Riken Brain Science Institute, Japan, and Roger Nicoll, Professor, University of California, San Francisco, for their
contributions to the understanding of how the brain works on a molecular
level and particularly elucidating memory functionsa |
| 2007 |
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Shigetada Nakanishi, for pioneering research into communication between nerve cells in the brain |
| 2008 |
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John O'Keefe, Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London, for his pioneering work concerning the neural basis of complex cognitive functions in freely moving animals |
| 2009 |
|
Jeffrey Hall, Professor of Neurogenetics at the University of Maine, Michael Rosbash, Professor and Director of the National Center for Behavioral Genomics at Brandeis University, and Michael Young, Professor and head of the Laboratory of Genetics at Rockefeller University, for their pioneering discoveries of molecular mechanisms that control circadian rhythms in the nervous system |
| 2010 |
|
Robert Wurtz, for his pioneering work concerning the neural bases of visual processing in primates. |
| |
| 2001 |
| Anthony Roy Gubbay, retired Chief
Justice of Zimbabwe, and Sternford Moyo for the Law
Society of Zimbabwe, jointly, for upholding the rule of law and
protection of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, in the face of political
intimidation and the threat of physical violence |
| 2002 |
|
Fali Sam Nariman, member of Parliament and President of the Bar Association of India,
for promoting the universal rule of law in a modern era of emerging
democracies and supportive systems of jurisprudence |
| 2003 |
| Bertha Wilson, Supreme Court of Canada, for landmark decisions
championing minority rights and Rosalie Silberman
Abella, Ontario Court of Appeal, for a distinguished record of fair
decisions and for groundbreaking work in gender and minority equity |
| 2004 |
| Arthur Chaskalson and Pius
Langa, Constitutional Court of South Africa, jointly, for their efforts in
establishing the Constitution of South Africa as as model for emerging
democracies and countries struggling with regime change |
| 2005 |
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Param
Cumaraswamy, for his work in his native Malaysia upholding the
independence of the judiciary, at great personal risk, and for his advocacy
of human rights around the world as the United Nations Special Rapporteur |
| 2006 |
|
Aharon Barak, Supreme Court of Israel, for his unflagging dedication to human
rights in times of peace and of war, regardless of political considerations,
criticisms, and the threat of personal peril |
| 2007 |
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Carmen Argibay of Argentina, Judge Carlos Cerda of Chile, and Mónica Feria of Peru. Justice Argibay has been a pioneering women’s advocate, corruption foe, and participant at the Tokyo Tribunal to adjudicate charges of sexual slavery; Judge Cerda is an independent and courageous member of the Chilean judiciary who pursued Pinochet abuse while the dictator was in power; and Feria is an international lawyer, defender of children’s rights and tireless champion of victims of the Fujimori prison massacre of 1992 |
| 2008 |
| Jerome Shestack and Thomas Buergenthal, two human rights advocates who are pioneers in the fight for justice and human rights throughout the world |
| 2009 |
| Bryan Stevenson and The European Roma Rights Centre for advancing human rights and the cause of justice |
| 2010 |
| Michael Kirby, John Dugard, and the Indian Law Resource Center, for contributions to international law and the advancement of human rights and rule of law. |
| |
| 2003 |
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Navanthem
Pillay, International Criminal Court, the Hague, and former president of
the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, for strong leadership in
advancing women’s rights and for the landmark decision recognizing rape as a
weapon of war, and Pro-Femmes Twese
Hamwe, an umbrella organization for grassroots women’s groups working for
peace and stability in Rwanda
following the 1990’s genocide crisis |
| 2004 |
| Sakena
Yacoobi and the Afghan Institute of
Learning, of which she is president, for providing qualify education, human
rights training, and health care for women during and following the
repressive Taliban regime, both in Afghanistan
and to Afghans living in Pakistan |
| 2005 |
| Shan Women’s Action
Network (SWAN), a grassroots women’s group, and the umbrella
organization of which it is a founding member, the Women’s
League of Burma, for challenging human rights advocacy |
| 2006 |
|
Cecilia
Medina Quiroga, judge on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights,
Chile, for advancing the rights of women through international law; Luz
Méndez for the Unión Nacional de Mujeres
Guatemaltecas, for peace-building and encouraging equitable
political participation in Guatemala; and Julie Su for the Sweatshop
Watch, for protecting the economic and political rights of migrant workers
in the U.S. |
| 2007 |
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Pinar Ilkkaracan - recognized both individually and for her leadership in two organizations that she co-founded; helped reform Turkish laws to advance gender equality and advocated for sexual and reproductive rights Women for Women's Human Rights - played a critical role in advancing women's civil and reproductive rights and raising awareness about gender-based violence The Coalition for Sexual and Bodily Rights in Muslim Societies - helped shatter myths about customs and religious practices and united women's rights advocates from 14 countries in an effort to protect women and girls |
| 2008 |
| Yanar Mohammed, Sapana Pradhan Malla, and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, three activists devoted to enhancing women’s rights and empowering women under the most difficult conditions of armed conflict and war |
| 2009 |
| Leymah Roberta Gbowee and the Women's Legal Centre, who have helped to build peace and advance rights for African women |
| 2010 |
| The Center for Reproductive Rights, and Caribbean Committee for the Defense of Women's Rights (CLADEM), for their historic collaboration in advancing women's sexual and reproductive rights and successfully holding governments accountable for complying with international treaties and standards on women's rights |
The International Prize Program honors contemporary individuals in the
fields of Cosmology, Genetics, Neuroscience, Justice and Women’s Rights, whose
groundbreaking work provides new models that inspire and enable fundamental
shifts in knowledge and culture. The Selection Advisory Boards seek to honor
individuals whose contributions in their respective fields advance our
knowledge, potentially have a profound impact on our lives, and, in the case of
the Justice and Women’s Rights Prizes, demonstrate courage and commitment in
the face of significant obstacles.
If you have an interest in a specific
award category and the recipient of the prize for that category, contact
Cassandra Oryl at +1 (202) 309-2263, or pr@lunchboxcity.com.
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